LED has been cut into the automotive market for many years, but it has not been widely accepted by the market due to insufficient brightness and cost. At present, it is mainly used in the middle and high-end car market, and the application of LED to foreign countries, especially Japanese cars, has been quite extensive.
According to the application, automotive LED lights can be divided into three types: lighting lamps, light distribution lamps and decorative lamps. The light distribution lamps are suitable for instrument indicator backlight display, front and rear turn lights, brake lights, reversing lights, fog lights, reading. Functional aspects such as lights. Decorative lights are mainly used for the color conversion of automobile lights, which produces interior and exterior beautification.
In recent years, with the resolution of some automotive LED brightness problems and the cost reduction, its application has increased. The most difficult to break through is the application of automotive lighting headlamps that have been initially applied in recent years. For example, the Lexus top hybrids "LS600h" and "LS600hL" from Japanese automakers, Toyota is the first in the world for production cars. White LED headlights. This LED headlamp uses five high-power white LEDs to achieve the desired brightness and light distribution modes. Although there are factors that have to use multiple LEDs to improve illumination, by using multiple, not only the light utilization efficiency of the white LED is improved, but also the power consumption can be controlled to the same level as the HID headlight. advantage.
Compared with traditional automotive incandescent lamps, automotive LEDs have many outstanding performance advantages, mainly in the following aspects: First, long life. The life of LED lights can theoretically reach 50,000 hours, and the actual life can reach 20,000 hours. Generally, there is no need to replace them during the life of the vehicle, and the life of the better incandescent bulbs is 3,000 hours to 5,000 hours. Second, energy saving. LED lights can directly convert electrical energy into light energy, which is good for environmental protection and energy saving, while incandescent bulbs can only convert 12%-18% of electric energy into light energy. For example, the taillight power of an incandescent lamp is 21W, and the taillight power of an LED is only 3W-5W. Third, there is no delay. The starting time of an ordinary incandescent bulb is generally between 100 milliseconds and 300 milliseconds, and the startup time of the LED is only a few tens of nanoseconds, and the startup time is greatly shortened. At the same time, LED lamps have the advantages of large color selectivity, shock resistance, impact resistance, low heat, and strong environmental adaptability.
However, there are still many obstacles to the large-scale application of automotive LEDs, mainly in:
1. Compared with incandescent bulbs, the cost of applying LEDs is high. According to the number and quality of LEDs, the price is generally several times to ten times that of similar incandescent bulbs. Although high-power LEDs have already appeared, their cost is also proportional to their power. The decline in the production cost of automotive LEDs worldwide will be one of the main factors affecting the large-scale application of automotive LEDs in the future.
2, because the end consumer's requirements for the appearance of the lamp is getting higher and higher, and with the increasing number of LEDs used in the lamp, the probability of LED problems is increasing, so the performance reliability requirements of LED products Higher and higher. At the same time, the requirements of OEMs for LED suppliers are becoming more and more demanding.
3. As the market for automotive LEDs grows larger, new suppliers will become more and more, competition will intensify, and suppliers' product quality will be uneven, which will inevitably affect market reputation and thus affect final consumption. demand. As long as the cost of LEDs falls to the same level as incandescent lamps, cars other than economy cars will use LEDs on a large scale.
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