Automated driving can correct human driver errors and create a “zero accident” society

Autopilot will be another industrial revolution in the automotive industry after 131 years of steam, electricity and information. According to industry insiders, due to China's overall advantages in artificial intelligence, high-precision maps and the Internet industry chain, it is highly likely to become a transcendence in Europe and America. Opportunities, now both traditional international auto giants and emerging Internet companies have been deeply involved in the autopilot. In the middle of last month, Beijing announced that it would allow autopilot vehicles to be on the road. Is autopilot far from you? Let's take a look at the related content with the car electronics editor.

Auto-driving road test L3 vehicles will usher in an explosion in 2020

Autopilot will be another industrial revolution in the automotive industry after 131 years of steam, electricity and information. According to industry insiders, due to China's overall advantages in artificial intelligence, high-precision maps and the Internet industry chain, it is highly likely to become a transcendence in Europe and America. Opportunities, now both traditional international auto giants and emerging Internet companies have been deeply involved in the autopilot. In the middle of last month, Beijing announced that it would allow autopilot vehicles to be on the road. Is autopilot far from you?

Opening language

Since the birth of mankind, every subversive technology that affects the world is behind "technology." With the update and development of global artificial intelligence technology, the development of artificial intelligence industry is ushered in an outbreak period – from daily cashless payment, to face recognition financial certification, to paperless office, smart city, 5G Internet of Things, large Data... A new round of technology is penetrating every "capillary area" of life at a speed we can't estimate.

The Fortune International Technology Brainstorming Conference was permanently settled in Guangzhou. Guangzhou is building a 2025 pilot demonstration city in China, implementing a new generation of information technology, artificial intelligence, biomedical (IAB) and new energy, new materials (NEM) industry action plans, vigorously developing new energy vehicles, rail transit, driverless and Advanced manufacturing industries such as robots will carry out a new round of technological transformation of industrial enterprises, promote the integration of digital economy and real economy, and realize the “Guangzhou Manufacturing” to “Guangzhou Zhizhuang” and “Guangzhou Creation”.

Guangzhou Daily "Kechuang @focus" will bring you to the most cutting-edge scientific and technological achievements in Guangzhou and the world, as Kevin Kelly, the author of "Out of Control" said: Today, just "beginning", we need to believe those not Possible things.

A young man needs to go to the airport to pick up a friend when he gets off work. He turns on his mobile phone and enters his destination. Three minutes later, an autonomous vehicle waited downstairs. The young man got on the bus and the car quickly carried him to the parking lot at the airport. After the young man got out of the car, the vehicle quickly found the parking space according to the intelligent system of the parking lot.

This is a future travel scenario that autopilot scientists have described for us. Behind this scene, the “intelligent traffic” system consisting of smart city, autonomous driving, high-precision maps, and artificial intelligence helps passengers to enjoy mobile travel freely and safely.

How is automatic driving achieved?

Guangzhou, Panyu Hualong, Guangzhou Automobile Research Institute. If you have the opportunity to go to the largest automotive R&D center in South China, you will be amazed at the reciprocating autopilot test vehicles on the road inside the center. In the United States, California, the automatic driving test last year reached hundreds of thousands of kilometers.

Autopilot testing is taking place in every corner of the globe.

How does autopilot work? The reporter was fortunate enough to sit on the Witstar? II, an experimental stage of the Guangzhou Automobile Research Institute. The biggest difference between this white SUV and the general model is the radar on the top of the head. The white radar is located in the car. At the top, below the radar are two cameras, which are the "eyes" of the self-driving vehicle, used to "see" all obstacles on the road.

Sitting in the self-driving car, the engineer presses the switch button, our vehicle will automatically start, driving at 20 kilometers per hour. When entering the corner of the turn, the steering wheel will automatically turn, the whole turn process is quite comfortable. . Suddenly, the radar detected a car in front of us, and our vehicle slowly began to slow down, slowly stopping one meter away from the obstacle. After a while, the front vehicle drove off and the self-driving vehicle started again. Test engineers tell us that autopilot systems can be divided into four subsystems: sensing, sensing, decision making and execution. The “perception” system is similar to the human eye, and “seeing” the obstacles around it through laser radar, millimeter radar, ring car cameras and other equipment. The "sensing" system consists of a can bus, similar to the human nerve center, capable of transmitting what is perceived to the brain, and the brain's execution commands can reach the torso in the first place. The “decision-making” system is similar to the human brain and consists of a powerful computing ECU and memory running artificial intelligence with deep learning capabilities. The "execution" system is a fusion system that is connected to the vehicle's power, chassis, and operating system through "algorithms."

“In the case of avoiding obstacles, the automatic driving 'perception' system determines the position of the obstacle, the speed of the vehicle and the relative relationship with other things around it. The 'sensing' system communicates the data to artificial intelligence, and the artificial intelligence selects the most suitable one. A decision to control the vehicle through the execution system to achieve the purpose of avoiding obstacles." The test engineer told us. When we drove uphill, the self-driving vehicle had already monitored the road ahead and slowly refueled. The entire driving process is quite comfortable.

There is no need to test the driver's license? There is less parking space.

According to a report by the US company, the world's driverless car market has reached 5 billion US dollars, and will reach 6.5 billion US dollars by 2035, with an average annual growth rate of 56%. By then, 75% of the new cars will be equipped with fully automated driverless modules. The US IHS Automotive Information Consulting Company believes that China may become its largest market in the future.

"Autonomous driving will be the biggest transformation that the auto industry has faced in 131 years. After steam, electricity and information, the industry has once again made a new technological revolution!" Huang Shaotang, CTO of the Automotive Engineering Research Institute of Guangzhou Automobile Group and Director of the Intelligent Networking Center The reporter said.

Huang Shaotang, the first batch of automobile talents in the United States who have been studying in the United States, have worked in the United States for more than 20 years and are engaged in the development and management of electronic and electrical systems. It is a "technical control." Toyota’s Toyota Zhang Nan, Tesla’s Musk, Baidu’s Li Yanhong, Geely’s Li Shufu, Volkswagen Muller and Ford’s former CEO Fields, who share the same views with Huang Shaotang.

Li Shufu, chairman of Geely Group, told reporters that autonomous driving can effectively reduce traffic accident mortality and improve road safety. The data shows that 95% of traffic accidents are related to people's wrong driving behavior. Honda’s president, Hachio Hiroshi, holds the same view that autonomous driving can correct human driver errors and create a “zero accident” society.

Autopilot can also improve fuel economy by up to 15% to 20%. At the same time, GM conducted a super cruise system test in the United States. Tests show that the speed of the front and rear workshops can be effectively controlled within 5 meters without speed of more than 100 km/h, which will further solve the traffic congestion problem.

The changes brought about by autonomous driving are much more than that.

Japanese scholar Izumi Izumi wrote in his book "How Unmanned Technology Will Change Our Lives", a country's supervisory body, financial industry and communications industry, energy, electricity, transportation, and even social norms that constitute social systems. And the industrial structure may be greatly affected.

When a large number of office workers give up the original means of transportation and change to autonomous vehicles. The auto insurance business will no longer be the owner of the car, but the car manufacturer; the fuel fee will be replaced by the electricity bill, the gas station will be demolished; people will not even obtain a driver's license and purchase a car, in the city as a unit, the car will be shared in a wide range. , greatly improve the efficiency of use.

How to improve the safety of autonomous driving?

Although the world is optimistic about autonomous driving, there is inevitably a lot of controversy. Among them, the biggest controversy is the safety of autonomous driving.

In May 2016, in the United States, Florida, a Tesla Model?S in autonomous driving mode collided with a truck and the driver was killed in a car accident. This is the first autopilot death event announced worldwide, which has led to a wide range of discussions about the safety of autonomous driving.

How to eliminate this huge uncertainty and further improve the safety of autonomous driving? At present, it is proved that the effective method is to set the automatic driving to be used in a fixed scene, such as highway cruising, following in a congested environment. And looking for a parking space in the parking lot. Taking highway cruising as an example, the driver can leave the steering wheel with both hands, and the vehicle can automatically follow the driving, following the car, changing lanes, etc. under the control of the automatic driving system - but only on the highway, once entering the country road, Automatic driving does not guarantee safety.

Using an automated driving system in a fixed scene is, to some extent, a transitional technology, or a compromise. The utility model has the advantages that the utility model of the vehicle can be effectively improved, the driving fatigue is reduced, the user is easy to accept, the understanding can be reached with the social norm, and the investment of the enterprise research and development is reduced. The downside is that people still need to intervene in an emergency, and the right to control people is in the first place.

More and more auto companies and research institutes choose to use autopilot systems only in fixed scenarios, except for GAC, as well as traditional automakers such as Toyota, Honda, and GM, because this model can be used in consumer perception and support. And at the service level, get more support and comply with the development of technology trends.

“The safety of autonomous driving must always be in the first place, even at the expense of some of the usage scenarios. Only safety can talk about performance and subversion.” Huang Shaotang said to his autopilot team.

L3 level production car will explode in 2020

Despite the controversy and challenges, it is an indisputable fact that autonomous driving changes the way travel is done, and it has attracted global auto giants and technology companies to compete.

At the 2017 Tokyo Motor Show, Toyota demonstrated its latest autonomous driving technology, with the new slogan “Start?Your?Impossible”, and strives to redefine mobile travel. From the autopilot roadmap released by Honda, Honda has already achieved the autopilot level of the expressway and demonstrated it to the outside world on the HondaMeeTIng this year through the Type?R high-speed engine test drive. On January 12, 2018, General Motors officially announced that the fourth-generation Cruise self-driving car will be put into use in 2019.

As for Volkswagen, BMW and Mercedes-Benz, at this year's Frankfurt Motor Show, they have announced a huge corporate strategy, including pure electric vehicles, autonomous driving, China and other keywords.

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