In the past 100 years (l906-2005), the global average surface temperature has increased by 0.74 degrees Celsius. In the next 20 years, the global temperature will increase by 0.2 degrees Celsius every ten years. Climate warming has become a problem that cannot be ignored and directly affects global production and life.
Some countries and regions have begun to study low-carbon transportation countermeasures, for example, refine the classification management of vehicles with different emission standards, and use technology and taxation systems to control carbon emissions. Countries such as Britain, Sweden, Germany, Italy, Norway, Singapore, Tokyo, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Australia in Europe have established low-carbon transportation zones, low-emission zones, green transportation zones, and clean demonstration zones. It guarantees regional air quality and encourages the use of clean vehicles.
RFID (RadioFrequencyIdenTIficaTIon, radio frequency identification) technology is an automatic identification technology that originated in the 1950s. RFID technology has broad application prospects. Intelligent transportation, logistics and warehousing, retail, manufacturing, medical treatment and other fields are all RFID application fields.
The general trend of developing low-carbon transportation, using RFID technology, through the development of electronic environmental protection sign system, to classify and control automobiles according to different emission standards, and to establish low-carbon transportation zones on this basis is the inevitable under the current domestic "perceive China" environment select.
Through the construction of low-carbon transportation areas, the urban transportation pattern of "high-pollution yellow-label vehicles are prohibited, ordinary emission vehicles are restricted or toll-free, and zero-emission vehicles can pass freely" will be promoted. The use of low-carbon emissions such as gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles, especially zero-emission pure electric vehicles and other new energy vehicles play a role in promoting, and at the same time can effectively solve the problem of urban congestion, and truly achieve low-carbon transportation, energy saving and emission reduction, improvement The purpose of air quality.
Through the establishment of low-carbon transportation tourism areas and low-emission demonstration areas, the emission of pollutants from vehicles will be basically eliminated in a certain area, and the level of urban ambient air quality will be improved, especially the air quality around roads. The demonstration project can encourage more citizens to purchase and use new energy vehicles and low-emission vehicles, reduce the harm caused by exhaust pollution, and protect the ecological environment.
The low-carbon traffic zone system is mainly composed of four parts: environmental protection electronic signs, vehicle perception base stations, environmental monitoring base stations, and supervision and control platforms.
Electronic environmental protection logo. Adopts 900M RFID electronic sign, which contains vehicle information such as license plate number, car model, emission standard, etc., and has a unique identification code, which replaces the original conventional paper environmental protection sign, and forms a unique correspondence with the car.
Vehicle-aware base station. Using dual-base identification technology (ie video + radio frequency), through radio frequency identification can realize non-contact automatic identification of electronic tags, can detect electronic signs on vehicles running at high speed (180km / h) at a long distance (up to about 15m) And read and write; through video recognition to achieve license plate recognition, photo forensics, and can match the results of radio frequency identification.
Environmental monitoring base station. Built on both sides of the road, it can detect and warn the pollution situation of motor vehicles in the urban road network in real time.
Regulatory control platform. It is the brain of the low-carbon transportation zone system. It is responsible for intelligent analysis of the transmitted identification information and environmental information, and cooperates with the environmental protection and public security business processing platform to realize the analysis and processing of the low-carbon transportation zone supervision business.
The application of RFID in low-carbon transportation construction includes the following parts:
1) Applied to the construction of green intelligent transportation system to achieve a win-win situation in traffic jam control and pollution control
Congestion and pollution coexist, the more congestion, the more serious the pollution, the greater the harm to people.
Normally, the exhaust emission of a vehicle traveling at 20km / h is more than double that at 40km / h. Using electronic environmental protection signs as the carrier, using the Internet of Things technology to build an intelligent transportation system, collecting, organizing and analyzing comprehensive traffic information, adjusting traffic according to road congestion, and making the traffic flow on the road network in the best state to improve Traffic congestion reduces motor vehicle pollution. It is estimated that it can reduce motor vehicle pollutant emissions by 15-20%.
2) Applied to public transportation priority system
Electronic environmental protection labels can meet the needs of automatic signal collection, and serve the development of public transportation, adhere to the bus priority strategy, construct public transport special roads and bus priority traffic signal systems. By increasing the speed of public transportation, a rapid transit system is formed to increase the travel rate of public transportation, reduce the travel proportion of private cars, and reduce exhaust emissions.
3) Apply to the law enforcement of high pollution yellow label vehicles and non-standard vehicles
High-pollution yellow-label vehicles refer to motor vehicles with emission standards that do not meet the national standard I, and non-standard vehicles refer to vehicles that cannot receive environmental protection marks without or failing the annual environmental protection inspection. Although yellow-label vehicles and non-standard vehicles only account for 10% -15% of the total urban motor vehicles, the pollutants emitted amount to 50% of the total motor vehicle emissions. The use of electronic environmental protection signs and the Internet of Things technology to establish a regional traffic limit system can realize the networking of the motor vehicle information system, environmental supervision system and road access system, thereby realizing the uniqueness of vehicle sign recognition and judgment, and improving the accuracy and accuracy of traffic limit management. High efficiency.
4) Traffic control applied to vehicles with different emission standards
Try congestion charging policies and establish low-carbon transportation zones. That is, on the basis of setting a restricted area for yellow-label vehicles and non-standard vehicles, establish a low-carbon transportation area that only allows free passage of new energy vehicles, pure electric vehicles, and vehicles with a national V or above, and other countries, such as I-Guo IV vehicles Toll collection is classified according to different emission levels.
5) Applied to the environmental verification of motor vehicle registration, annual inspection and road inspection
The use of electronic environmental protection signs can effectively realize the online audit control of environmental protection writing and public security reading of motor vehicle licensing management, ensuring 100% environmental protection compliance of licensed vehicles; it can effectively prevent cheating such as annual exhaust inspection and vehicle replacement testing; Law enforcement terminal, remotely query vehicle information, on-site investigation and punishment of the functions of yellow-label vehicles, non-standard vehicles, vehicles with invalid signs, forged and altered vehicles.
6) Applied to the online regulation and control system for intelligent monitoring of traffic pollution
Establish environmental air and motor vehicle pollution monitoring systems on both sides of the road to detect and warn motor vehicle pollution in the urban road network in real time. Combine with the intelligent transportation system and use electronic environmental protection signs to implement intelligent regulation of vehicle traffic.
7) Guarantee applied to the joint prevention and control mechanism of national motor vehicle pollution
Existing paper signs rely entirely on manual law enforcement and are checked by public security traffic police and inspected by environmental protection personnel. The cost of law enforcement is high, the efficiency is low, and implementation is difficult. An electronic environmental protection sign system with unified national standards and content is established. The instrument or handheld PDA (Environmental Protection and Police Service) can realize the mutual recognition of signs between cities and truly achieve the purpose of joint prevention and joint control.
8) Information sharing applied to other government departments
Through the development of information integration platforms for environmental protection, public security, transportation, urban construction and other departments, the electronic sign information can be quickly shared, and the city ’s comprehensive management of vehicles, such as strong traffic insurance and automatic charge counting, can be achieved.
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