Edge technology is maturing with global coverage, solid infrastructure evolution, and support for Edge functionality across mobile phones. According to the statistics of 3G US Trade Group, more than 230 operators in more than 120 countries around the world have deployed Edge technology to different degrees in their GSM networks, and 160 operators in more than 90 countries are providing commercial services. Low-cost infrastructure upgrades and the implementation of Edge features in some of the major mid to high-end handsets offer an attractive price/performance advantage for Edge deployments.
Key innovations that Edge technology brings to wireless links include the introduction of higher-level modulation (8PSK), multi-code modulation scheme MCS1-9 (allowing the system to adjust to operating conditions), and the increase in link gain by combining different transmission data. Quantity redundancy characteristics, etc. Therefore, Edge can increase the data rate, the theoretical peak rate can reach 473.6kbps, and can effectively expand the data capacity, and its average gain is more than three times that of GPRS. In addition, Edge dramatically improves wireless performance. It supports the same Quality of Service (QoS) architecture as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and provides better service through the 3GPP release.
In addition to significantly improving the performance of existing GSM/GPRS networks, Edge can coexist with other wireless access technologies such as UMTS and 3GPP LTE. Another important factor that led to Edge's success was the introduction of wireless data services. The higher data rates offered by Edge meet user requirements for content downloads such as wireless email and music/video, and can be extended to Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IPMS) and enterprise applications.
Edge technology will further evolve, and standards organizations have already done this work, and are preparing to improve Edge performance through Geran (GSM/Edge wireless access network). New features in version 7 are designed to increase peak data rates, spectral efficiency and capacity, reduce latency, and enable simultaneous data and voice delivery. There are many new technologies that can be considered for use, including higher level modulation schemes (such as 16-QAM), dual-channel reception, and diversity reception of downlink signals. The evolved Edge technology is attractive to operators because it provides the equivalent of a 3G system with only the existing spectrum license.
Edge technology presents many challenges for wireless handset platforms. On the one hand, the complexity of the new standard puts higher demands on computing and storage. On the other hand, commercialization pressures require mobile platforms to offer higher levels of capacity at competitive power levels and at comparable cost to mature technologies such as GSM/GPRS. There are many ways to address these challenges, depending on the availability of the underlying technology and the innovation capabilities of the design team. The optimization of the mobile platform needs to consider the following factors:
Advanced semiconductor manufacturing process
Multi-core digital baseband architecture
Higher integration, including integrated core/memory on a single chip, and integrated mixed-signal and RF
Multi-chip packaging technology
Reduce power consumption with software optimization techniques
Flexible mobile phone design with software configurable platform
The multi-core architecture of wireless handsets has matured since the late 1990s and has moved from voice-centric GSM to data-oriented GPRS platforms. However, in order to meet the increasingly complex algorithms in Edge data receiver design, chipset solutions must introduce new features to meet the requirements of the signal computing and processing components.
Figure (a): Top-level block diagram of the multi-core platform; (b): Edge mobile phone chipset division
Edge provides a clear demarcation line for "less than 100MHz" processors that are no longer able to meet the physical layer requirements and require special hardware accelerators or coprocessors.
According to the hardware and software division, some or all of the computing tasks can be unloaded to the hardware module, and the operation and pre-filtering of the key parameters are generally retained in the software. In addition, the key performance figures for the data receiver are a function of the synchronization capability in the receiver design and the interference suppression filtering technique.
With DSP processors used in cellular baseband processors at speeds in excess of 200 MHz, Edge data receivers can be implemented entirely in software, allowing for flexible adaptation to standard changes and adjustments for field test cases and operator verification. The data receiver is implemented in a low-power core design that equates the overall system power to or better than the GPRS digital baseband chipset and maintains a high degree of flexibility.
Software Edge implementations outperform handset hardware design, in addition to maintaining consistent stability, performance is further optimized for verification and interoperability testing processes used on multi-vendor infrastructure. This cost-effective and efficient solution meets stringent wireless handset requirements. In addition, as standards evolve, next-generation software platforms will allow the addition of a variety of performance-enhancing technologies ranging from enhanced Edge proprietary algorithms to advanced processing technologies such as single-antenna interference cancellation or Edge evolution elements.
Some high-end applications place ever-increasing demands on mobile phone features, from audio to video and image-based services. In these areas, performance depends on the MCU core resources: the ARM7 core-based solution is typically a highly optimized communication platform for data cards and entry-level phones, but requires hardware support for multimedia functions, using a dedicated DSP core or Hardware acceleration supports audio/video.
The next generation of multimedia features will be implemented by the more powerful ARM9 core and enhanced DSP core.
Figure 1 shows a typical multicore solution with a DSP subsystem consisting of a DSP core, L1 code and data memory (configurable as cache or SRAM), unified L2 memory, and a series of DSP peripherals. . The DSP subsystem is used to handle channel equalization, data receivers, and speech encoding/decoding functions. If you have "extra" Mips capability after processing these tasks, the DSP subsystem can perform some multimedia functions, and the power consumption is usually lower than the MCU, because the DSP has a better instruction set for this operation.
The MCU subsystem consists of a microcontroller core and a cache. ARM cores derived from advanced RISC machines are almost universally used for MCU modules. The dedicated bus subsystem supports a multimedia interface that connects the display to the image capture device. The subsystem includes a parallel peripheral interface controller that supports multi-bit camera sensors or video input interfaces, as well as a dedicated external bus interface for parallel LCD displays, eliminating noise and external main memory interface loading. The data movement requirements of the multimedia interface device can be implemented by a multi-channel direct memory access controller (DMAC) that supports all necessary video formats.
The typical functional division of the Edge handset is shown in Figure 2. The chipset includes an RF transmit/receive section, an analog baseband with mixed-signal and power management modules, and a digital baseband. A complete handset design includes a chipset, memory module, application modules (cameras, displays, etc.) and peripherals such as Bluetooth, Secure Digital or Multimedia Card (MMC).
The above solution is based on a proven and stable platform partitioning method that uses current process and packaging techniques to achieve high cost performance. At the same time, the platform's power consumption is competitive both at work and in standby, through integrated power management and architectural choices on digital baseband.
This architectural approach allows seamless migration to higher-level integration environments using system-in-package or system-on-a-chip technology, which is inevitable for the next-generation semiconductor process node (65nm).
In addition to providing an Edge solution, the scalability of the platform extends the architecture to multi-mode operations. For example, the recommended platform can easily be extended to the TD-SCDMA standard, which also achieves the necessary speed for various usage requirements; provides flexible power consumption; handles control code efficiently; and supports compiler optimization to improve code quality. In addition, the platform directly benefits from years of investment in GSM, GPRS and Edge performance/cost improvements and power reduction, including the use of dynamic voltage scaling to match power consumption to processor performance, using direct conversion receivers and Σ Advanced RF and mixed-signal technologies such as -Δ data converters.
The TD-SCDMA solution designed with the above Edge platform solution has become a leader in field trials in recent years. The platform's scalability allows mobile developers to develop more competitive products.
Sleep Headphone is the best headphones for sleeping in the world. It ensures deep sleep without interference and shields external sounds to ensure your sleep.Sleep headphone is designed according to the characteristics of the human body. They are ergonomic and soft enough to ensure the contours of the ears in a variety of sleeping positions to ensure comfort.The soft headband contains a thin, removable speaker that can play any type of music, audiobook, meditation, or radio.
Advantages:
1: Lightweight, washable, hypoallergenic, meets the highest standards for electronics and batteries.
2: Improve sleep, concentration, and protect your hearing.
3: Effectively reduce the environmental noise, still retain the warning sounds such as the alarm sound, and do not mistake the business.
4: Long lifetime.
Sleeping Headset,Sleep Headphone,Wireless Sleep Headphones,Sleep Earphones Wireless
Shenzhen Linx Technology Co., Ltd. , http://www.linxheadphone.com