NG-PON development, coexistence is king

At present, the traditional copper wire access network is evolving to a fiber-based PON access network, and this evolution is in full swing on a global scale; however, the deployment of fiber optics without exception involves a large amount of investment, while at the same time Competitiveness is a long-term "bet"; therefore, the front-to-back compatibility of fiber access systems is particularly important. The industry generally believes that the currently deployed fiber optic network must be future-oriented and integrate future generations of fiber technology, which is crucial. This also shows that the PON system including traditional single-mode optical fiber and passive optical splitter will become our long-term work content in the future.

The current GPON and EPON systems use the same wavelength scheme, namely upstream 1310nm, downstream 1490nm, and video overlay 1555nm. In the recently released NG-PON1 system (including 10G GPON and 10G EPON, hereinafter referred to as 10G PON) standards, the upstream and downstream wavelengths are selected to be 1270nm and 1577nm wavelengths, the reason is that these two wavelengths can easily achieve WDM coexistence solutions In this scheme, the passive optical splitter can reuse existing and new systems, and the ONU blocking filter can effectively prevent interference; at the same time, some nonlinear optical effects (mainly Raman crosstalk) are also considered For NG-PON systems, the influence of these light effects is controllable.

The 10G PON system has already met the trial conditions, and we have also seen more and more high-level technical attempts of the 10G PON system. However, factors such as weak demand, excessive investment, and limited capacity have limited the current large-scale application of 10G PON technology. Most operators hope to reduce equipment replacement as much as possible. Therefore, investment protection of 10G PON technology in existing PON networks Give attention, but lack enthusiasm for the scale deployment of 10G PON. At the same time, with the development of technology, NG-PON2 standardization work has also begun. The direction of technology selection is the first step in the current standard discussion. Coexistence with existing PON networks is still the most important demand.

Is 10G PON technology untimely?

As a bandwidth transmission system, the deployment and application of PON are driven by bandwidth requirements. Judging from the current and future trends of home users' bandwidth usage, the existing PON systems (GPON and EPON) will have more room for development. The average bandwidth usage of current broadband users is mostly less than 2Mbps, assuming that the user's media streaming bandwidth requirement doubles to 100M (this is also the current development trend). In the FTTH application scenario, the existing PON system can still meet user needs in the next 10 years.

Of course, under the premise that the incremental cost of new technologies is not high, the new network architecture generally tends to deploy the latest technology, even if the technology will not be put into use immediately. However, compared with GPON / EPON, the equipment cost of 10G PON will remain high for a long time. According to the most aggressive price reduction forecast at present, even through the stimulation of mass production, the cost of 10G PON optical module devices can only be reduced to 2 to 3 times the current cost of GPON / EPON optical modules. Under the circumstance of increasing competition in the broadband market, this way of over-investing in technology is difficult to be recognized by operators. In view of this, Japan Telecom and Telecommunications Corporation (NTT), the world's largest FTTH EPON operator, decided not to deploy 10G EPON in their networks. Under the bleak prospects of FTTH applications, the last piece of 10G PON may be large commercial, mobile backhaul networks, and large multi-user residential units (MDUs). In this case, the excessively high optical module cost can be amortized by more users, and at the same time, high-value application scenarios can better digest the network construction cost. However, this application method will greatly affect the usage of 10G PON optical modules-the previous price trend is based on the prediction of FTTH mass shipments, and the shipment of 10G PON optical modules is required to reach the level of GPON / EPON-if 10G PON is mainly used for MDU network construction, and its optical module usage will be reduced by at least 10 times. In this way, the cost of 10G PON optical modules will be higher (at least 5 times the current cost of GPON / EPON optical modules).

There are other problems with using 10G PON to build FTTB: On the surface, using 10G PON can improve the bandwidth capacity of the FTTB network. However, considering the installed rate and the actual network traffic concurrency model, the FTTB network built based on the current PON technology can be very It supports 20Mbps / user bandwidth capability. If you want to further increase user bandwidth, simply upgrading the upstream port to 10G PON will not solve all the problems. The mainstream MDU user-side interface is ADSL2 +. In actual deployment, 20Mbps has reached its The limit of technical capability, if you want to further increase the rate, you need to upgrade ADSL2 + to VDSL2 (user terminals also need to be replaced). At the same time, you may need to further shorten the length of the copper wire, so the deployed ODN needs to be adjusted. In contrast, in this scenario of high bandwidth demand, from the perspective of bandwidth capacity and construction cost, direct construction of GPON FTTH will have more advantages than this 10G PON MDU construction mode. In short, the prospect of 10G PON is still unclear. Due to the high cost, there seems to be no strong driver to promote its further development. This technology has been applied in some gap markets, but its deployment scale is not enough to greatly reduce deployment costs. In this case, directly deploying GPON, crossing 10G PON, and waiting for the arrival of next-generation equipment (40G or 100G PON) may become the choice of some operators. Compared with 10G PON, 40G or 100G PON network has farther transmission distance, higher split ratio, and higher bandwidth flexibility. The current GPON and EPON deployment projects can continue, because the new network will support coexistence with existing GPON and EPON networks.

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